File Format Library — 260+ formats

Every format gets its own page: what it is, its official spec and MIME type, how it breaks, how to repair it, similar formats, and the in-browser tool to fix or convert it. Start from the most common formats, or browse by category below.

260+ format pages, each with a working tool. AI search can describe a format — it can't turn your symptom and file importance into a graded, printable recovery plan. That's what these pages do.

Start here — most common formats

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Pick a family to jump straight to its formats.

All formats

Search by name or extension, or filter by category.

docx

Word Document (Office Open XML)

Word processing document

Recovery guide →
doc

Word Document (Legacy)

Legacy Word document

Recovery guide →
pdf

PDF Document

Portable document

Recovery guide →
odt

OpenDocument Text

OpenOffice/LibreOffice text document

Recovery guide →
rtf

Rich Text Format

Cross-platform rich text

Recovery guide →
txt

Plain Text

Plain text

Recovery guide →
md

Markdown

Lightweight markup

Recovery guide →
epub

EPUB E-book

E-book (ZIP container)

Recovery guide →
pages

Apple Pages Document

Apple word processor

Recovery guide →
key

Keynote Presentation

Apple presentation

Recovery guide →
numbers

Apple Numbers Spreadsheet

Apple spreadsheet

Recovery guide →
pptx

PowerPoint Presentation

Presentation (OOXML)

Recovery guide →
ppt

PowerPoint Presentation (Legacy)

Legacy presentation

Recovery guide →
xlsx

Excel Spreadsheet

Spreadsheet (OOXML)

Recovery guide →
xls

Excel Spreadsheet (Legacy)

Legacy spreadsheet

Recovery guide →
ods

OpenDocument Spreadsheet

LibreOffice spreadsheet

Recovery guide →
csv

Comma-Separated Values

Tabular data

Recovery guide →
tsv

Tab-Separated Values

Tabular data

Recovery guide →
tex

LaTeX Source

Typesetting source

Recovery guide →
bib

BibTeX Bibliography

Bibliography database

Recovery guide →
wpd

WordPerfect Document

Legacy word processor

Recovery guide →
wps

Microsoft Works Document

Legacy Works document

Recovery guide →
pub

Publisher Document

Desktop publishing

Recovery guide →
indd

InDesign Document

Desktop publishing layout

Recovery guide →
pages-tei

TEI XML Document

Scholarly XML markup

Recovery guide →
jpg

JPEG Image

Photographic image

Recovery guide →
png

PNG Image

Lossless raster

Recovery guide →
webp

WebP Image

Web image (lossy/lossless)

Recovery guide →
gif

GIF Image

Animated raster

Recovery guide →
bmp

Bitmap Image

Uncompressed raster

Recovery guide →
tiff

TIFF Image

High-bit raster/scan

Recovery guide →
psd

Photoshop Document

Layered image

Recovery guide →
xcf

GIMP Document

GIMP layered image

Recovery guide →
ai

Adobe Illustrator Artwork

Vector illustration

Recovery guide →
eps

Encapsulated PostScript

Vector/print

Recovery guide →
svg

Scalable Vector Graphics

Vector graphic (XML)

Recovery guide →
heic

HEIC Image

Apple high-efficiency photo

Recovery guide →
avif

AVIF Image

Modern compressed image

Recovery guide →
ico

Windows Icon

Icon (multi-size)

Recovery guide →
raw

Camera Raw

Camera sensor data

Recovery guide →
dng

Adobe DNG Raw

Universal raw format

Recovery guide →
cr2

Canon Raw

Canon raw photo

Recovery guide →
nef

Nikon Raw

Nikon raw photo

Recovery guide →
arw

Sony Raw

Sony raw photo

Recovery guide →
rw2

Panasonic Raw

Panasonic raw photo

Recovery guide →
exr

OpenEXR Image

HDR raster

Recovery guide →
hdr

Radiance HDR

HDR environment map

Recovery guide →
jpeg2000

JPEG 2000

Compression standard

Recovery guide →
jp2

JPEG 2000 (ISO)

JPEG 2000 file

Recovery guide →
dds

DirectDraw Surface

GPU texture

Recovery guide →
tga

Targa Image

Legacy raster/texture

Recovery guide →
png-apng

Animated PNG

Animated PNG

Recovery guide →
psb

Photoshop Large Document

Very large layered image

Recovery guide →
flif

Free Lossless Image Format

Lossless image

Recovery guide →
bpg

BPG Image

High-efficiency image

Recovery guide →
mp3

MP3 Audio

Compressed music

Recovery guide →
wav

WAV Audio

Uncompressed audio

Recovery guide →
flac

FLAC Audio

Lossless audio

Recovery guide →
aac

AAC Audio

Advanced audio codec

Recovery guide →
m4a

M4A Audio

AAC in MP4 container

Recovery guide →
ogg

Ogg Audio

OGG container (Vorbis/Opus)

Recovery guide →
opus

Opus Audio

Low-latency voice/music

Recovery guide →
wma

Windows Media Audio

Legacy Windows audio

Recovery guide →
aiff

AIFF Audio

Apple uncompressed audio

Recovery guide →
alac

ALAC Audio

Apple lossless

Recovery guide →
ape

Monkey's Audio

Lossless audio

Recovery guide →
wv

WavPack

Lossless audio

Recovery guide →
mid

MIDI File

Musical instrument data

Recovery guide →
abc

ABC Notation

Text music notation

Recovery guide →
amr

AMR Audio

Narrowband voice

Recovery guide →
ra

RealAudio

Legacy streaming audio

Recovery guide →
caf

Core Audio Format

Apple audio container

Recovery guide →
dsd

DSD Audio

SACD audio (1-bit)

Recovery guide →
dff

DSD Stream File

DSD audio

Recovery guide →
mp4

MP4 Video

H.264/HEVC container

Recovery guide →
mkv

Matroska Video

Open video container

Recovery guide →
avi

AVI Video

Legacy video container

Recovery guide →
mov

QuickTime Movie

Apple video container

Recovery guide →
webm

WebM Video

Web video (VP8/VP9/AV1)

Recovery guide →
wmv

Windows Media Video

Legacy Windows video

Recovery guide →
flv

Flash Video

Legacy streaming video

Recovery guide →
m4v

iTunes Video

MP4 with DRM history

Recovery guide →
mpeg

MPEG Video

MPEG-1/2 video

Recovery guide →
mpg

MPEG Program Stream

MPEG video stream

Recovery guide →
vob

DVD Video Object

DVD video

Recovery guide →
mpeg-ts

MPEG Transport Stream

Broadcast stream

Recovery guide →
m2ts

Blu-ray Transport Stream

Blu-ray video

Recovery guide →
mts

AVCHD Transport Stream

Camcorder video

Recovery guide →
3gp

3GPP Video

Mobile video

Recovery guide →
mxf

Material Exchange Format

Broadcast/Pro video

Recovery guide →
prores

Apple ProRes

Pro video codec

Recovery guide →
dnxhd

DNxHD Video

Avid broadcast codec

Recovery guide →
ogv

Ogg Video

Theora video

Recovery guide →
rmvb

RealMedia Variable Bitrate

Legacy streaming video

Recovery guide →
asf

Advanced Systems Format

Windows media container

Recovery guide →
mpeg4

MPEG-4 Part 2

Legacy MPEG-4 ASP video

Recovery guide →
divx

DivX Video

Legacy compressed video

Recovery guide →
zip

ZIP Archive

Compressed archive

Recovery guide →
7z

7-Zip Archive

High-ratio archive

Recovery guide →
rar

RAR Archive

Compressed archive

Recovery guide →
tar

Tape Archive

Uncompressed archive

Recovery guide →
gz

Gzip Compressed

Single-file compression

Recovery guide →
bz2

Bzip2 Compressed

Single-file compression

Recovery guide →
xz

XZ Compressed

LZMA compression

Recovery guide →
tar-gz

Gzipped Tarball

Linux distribution archive

Recovery guide →
tar-bz2

Bzip2 Tarball

Linux distribution archive

Recovery guide →
tar-xz

XZ Tarball

Linux distribution archive

Recovery guide →
iso

ISO Disc Image

Optical disc image

Recovery guide →
img

Disk Image

Raw disk image

Recovery guide →
dmg

Apple Disk Image

macOS disk image

Recovery guide →
vhd

Virtual Hard Disk

Virtual machine disk

Recovery guide →
vhdx

Virtual Hard Disk v2

Virtual machine disk

Recovery guide →
vdi

VirtualBox Disk

VirtualBox disk

Recovery guide →
qcow2

QEMU Copy-on-Write v2

QEMU disk

Recovery guide →
bin

Binary Disc Image

Raw disc (with CUE)

Recovery guide →
cue

CUE Sheet

Disc index file

Recovery guide →
cab

Cabinet Archive

Windows installer archive

Recovery guide →
msi

Windows Installer Package

Installer database

Recovery guide →
deb

Debian Package

Linux package (ar+tar)

Recovery guide →
rpm

RPM Package

Linux package

Recovery guide →
cpio

CPIO Archive

Unix archive

Recovery guide →
lzh

LHA/LZH Archive

Legacy Japanese archive

Recovery guide →
arj

ARJ Archive

Legacy archive

Recovery guide →
z

Unix Compress

Legacy LZW compression

Recovery guide →
001

Split Archive Part

Split archive part

Recovery guide →
json

JSON Data

Structured data

Recovery guide →
jsonl

JSON Lines

Line-delimited JSON

Recovery guide →
xml

XML Markup

Structured markup

Recovery guide →
html

HTML Document

Web page

Recovery guide →
yaml

YAML Data

Config/data (indentation)

Recovery guide →
toml

TOML Config

Config format

Recovery guide →
ini

INI Config

Legacy config

Recovery guide →
sql

SQL Script

Database script

Recovery guide →
db

SQLite Database

SQLite database

Recovery guide →
sqlite

SQLite Database

SQLite database

Recovery guide →
parquet

Apache Parquet

Columnar data

Recovery guide →
orc

Apache ORC

Columnar data

Recovery guide →
arrow

Apache Arrow

Columnar in-memory format

Recovery guide →
avro

Apache Avro

Binary row data

Recovery guide →
rdf

RDF Data

Linked data (XML)

Recovery guide →
ttl

Turtle RDF

Linked data (Turtle)

Recovery guide →
nt

N-Triples

Line-based RDF

Recovery guide →
json-ld

JSON-LD

Linked data (JSON)

Recovery guide →
ics

iCalendar

Calendar events

Recovery guide →
vcf

vCard

Contact card

Recovery guide →
pst

Outlook Personal Folder

Outlook mail store

Recovery guide →
ost

Outlook Offline Store

Offline mail cache

Recovery guide →
msg

Outlook Message

Single email message

Recovery guide →
eml

Email Message

Raw email (MIME)

Recovery guide →
mbox

Mbox Mailbox

Mailbox store

Recovery guide →
kml

Keyhole Markup Language

Geographic data (XML)

Recovery guide →
kmz

Compressed KML

Zipped KML

Recovery guide →
geojson

GeoJSON

Geographic JSON

Recovery guide →
gpx

GPS Exchange Format

GPS track data

Recovery guide →
shp

Shapefile

GIS vector data

Recovery guide →
dbf

dBASE File

Tabular attribute data

Recovery guide →
mdb

Access Database

Legacy Access DB

Recovery guide →
accdb

Access Database

Access database

Recovery guide →
dat

Generic Data

Raw data (ambiguous)

Recovery guide →
log

Log File

System/application log

Recovery guide →
bin

Binary File

Generic binary

Recovery guide →
bak

Backup File

Backup (ambiguous)

Recovery guide →
tmp

Temporary File

Temporary data

Recovery guide →
css

Cascading Style Sheets

Web styling

Recovery guide →
scss

SCSS Stylesheet

Sass styling

Recovery guide →
less

LESS Stylesheet

LESS styling

Recovery guide →
js

JavaScript

Script/program

Recovery guide →
ts

TypeScript

Typed script

Recovery guide →
jsx

React JSX

React component

Recovery guide →
tsx

React TSX

Typed React component

Recovery guide →
py

Python Source

Python program

Recovery guide →
ipynb

Jupyter Notebook

Notebook (JSON)

Recovery guide →
c

C Source

C program

Recovery guide →
cpp

C++ Source

C++ program

Recovery guide →
h

C Header

C/C++ header

Recovery guide →
java

Java Source

Java program

Recovery guide →
class

Java Class

Compiled Java

Recovery guide →
jar

Java Archive

ZIP-based Java package

Recovery guide →
php

PHP Source

PHP program

Recovery guide →
rb

Ruby Source

Ruby program

Recovery guide →
go

Go Source

Go program

Recovery guide →
rs

Rust Source

Rust program

Recovery guide →
sh

Shell Script

Shell script

Recovery guide →
bat

Batch File

Windows batch

Recovery guide →
ps1

PowerShell Script

PowerShell script

Recovery guide →
cfg

Configuration File

Generic config

Recovery guide →
conf

Configuration File

Generic config

Recovery guide →
env

Environment File

Environment variables

Recovery guide →
properties

Java Properties

Key-value config

Recovery guide →
plist

Apple Property List

macOS/iOS config (XML/binary)

Recovery guide →
strings

Strings File

Localization strings

Recovery guide →
po

Gettext PO

Translation catalog

Recovery guide →
mo

Gettext MO

Compiled translation

Recovery guide →
xliff

XLIFF Translation

Translation exchange (XML)

Recovery guide →
xlf

XLIFF 1.2

Translation exchange

Recovery guide →
resx

.NET Resource

.NET resources

Recovery guide →
resjson

JSON Resource

JSON resource file

Recovery guide →
dll

Dynamic Link Library

Windows library

Recovery guide →
exe

Executable

Windows program

Recovery guide →
sys

System File

Windows driver/system

Recovery guide →
reg

Registry File

Windows registry export

Recovery guide →
inf

Driver Info File

Windows driver install script

Recovery guide →
ttf

TrueType Font

Outline font

Recovery guide →
otf

OpenType Font

OpenType font

Recovery guide →
woff

Web Open Font Format

Web font

Recovery guide →
woff2

Web Open Font Format 2

Compressed web font

Recovery guide →
ttc

TrueType Collection

Multiple fonts in one file

Recovery guide →
eot

Embedded OpenType

Legacy web font

Recovery guide →
pfb

PostScript Font Binary

Type 1 font

Recovery guide →
pfa

PostScript Font ASCII

Type 1 font (ASCII)

Recovery guide →
afm

Adobe Font Metrics

Font metrics

Recovery guide →
fnt

Windows Font (bitmap)

Legacy bitmap font

Recovery guide →
dwg

AutoCAD Drawing

CAD drawing

Recovery guide →
dxf

Drawing Exchange Format

CAD interchange

Recovery guide →
dgn

MicroStation Design

CAD design file

Recovery guide →
stl

STL 3D Model

3D mesh (binary/ASCII)

Recovery guide →
obj

Wavefront OBJ

3D mesh + materials

Recovery guide →
mtl

Material Library

OBJ materials

Recovery guide →
fbx

Autodesk FBX

3D exchange format

Recovery guide →
gltf

GL Transmission Format

3D web format (JSON)

Recovery guide →
glb

Binary GLTF

Binary 3D web format

Recovery guide →
3mf

3D Manufacturing Format

3D print format (ZIP)

Recovery guide →
step

STEP CAD File

CAD exchange (ISO 10303)

Recovery guide →
stp

STEP CAD File

CAD exchange

Recovery guide →
iges

IGES CAD File

CAD exchange (legacy)

Recovery guide →
gcode

G-Code

3D printer instructions

Recovery guide →
nc

CNC Program

CNC machine code

Recovery guide →
plt

HPGL Plot File

Pen plotter file

Recovery guide →
hpgl

HP Graphics Language

Plotter language

Recovery guide →
vsdx

Visio Drawing

Visio diagram (OOXML ZIP)

Recovery guide →
vsd

Visio Drawing (Legacy)

Legacy Visio diagram

Recovery guide →
svgz

Compressed SVG

Gzipped SVG

Recovery guide →
e57

Point Cloud (E57)

3D point cloud (XML+binary)

Recovery guide →
las

LAS Lidar

Lidar point cloud

Recovery guide →
laz

Compressed LAS

Compressed lidar

Recovery guide →
ply

Polygon File Format

3D mesh/points

Recovery guide →
pcd

Point Cloud Data

PCL point cloud

Recovery guide →
xyz

XYZ Points

Coordinate points

Recovery guide →
dxp

eDrawings XPS

SolidWorks eDrawings

Recovery guide →
skp

SketchUp Model

SketchUp model

Recovery guide →
3ds

3D Studio

Legacy 3D scene

Recovery guide →
dae

COLLADA

3D exchange (XML)

Recovery guide →
max

3ds Max Scene

3ds Max scene

Recovery guide →
blend

Blender File

Blender scene

Recovery guide →
unitypackage

Unity Package

Unity asset package (tar.gz)

Recovery guide →
prefab

Unity Prefab

Unity component (YAML/JSON)

Recovery guide →
scene

Unity Scene

Unity scene (YAML)

Recovery guide →
aseprite

Aseprite File

Pixel-art animation

Recovery guide →
kra

Krita Document

Krita layered image (ZIP)

Recovery guide →
clip

Clip Studio Paint

CSP document

Recovery guide →
sai

PaintTool SAI

SAI drawing

Recovery guide →
ttf2

Custom Font Variant

Custom font

Recovery guide →
odp

OpenDocument Presentation

LibreOffice presentation

Recovery guide →
odg

OpenDocument Graphics

LibreOffice drawing

Recovery guide →
fodt

Flat ODT

Flat XML ODT

Recovery guide →
ott

ODT Template

ODT template

Recovery guide →
dotx

Word Template

Word template

Recovery guide →
dot

Word Template (Legacy)

Legacy Word template

Recovery guide →
xltx

Excel Template

Excel template

Recovery guide →
potx

PowerPoint Template

PPT template

Recovery guide →

● Data updated 2026-08-29

Notes

  • Format facts are general public knowledge of the format families (retrieved 2026-08-29).
  • Official specification references on each format page point to IANA, the relevant standards body, or the originating vendor; unverified items are marked verify-locally.
  • Recovery guidance is general troubleshooting, not a guarantee of recovery.

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